Complex Trauma

Symptoms of Complex Trauma (C-PTSD)

The World Health Organization (ICD, 2018) recognizes Complex Trauma (C-PTSD) as a real diagnosis, but for some reason, the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-5) does not. Why? Well, the answer is “I have no idea” and it frustrates me to no end!

At Healing Wounds Healthcare, we believe most symptoms of psychological distress are related to what happened to you rather than what is wrong with you.

Let’s take a look at how the World Health Organization defines Complex Trauma.

What is C-PTSD?

According to the International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition,

“Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (C-PTSD) is a disorder that may develop following exposure to an event or series of events of an extreme and prolonged or repetitive nature that is experienced as extremely threatening or horrific and from which escape is difficult or impossible (e.g., torture, slavery, genocide campaigns, prolonged domestic violence, repeated childhood sexual or physical abuse). The disorder is characterized by the core symptoms of PTSD; that is, all diagnostic requirements for PTSD have been met at some point during the course of the disorder. In addition, complex PTSD is characterized by 1) severe and pervasive problems in affect regulation; 2) persistent beliefs about oneself as diminished, defeated or worthless, accompanied by deep and pervasive feelings of shame, guilt or failure related to the stressor; and 3) persistent difficulties in sustaining relationships and in feeling close to others. The disturbance causes significant impairment in personal, family, social, educational, occupational or other important areas of functioning."

Our therapists work to understand our clients’ symptoms within the context of historical traumatic experiences and current stressors. We assess for adverse childhood experiences, adverse life events, C-PTSD symptoms which include reexperiencing and avoidance symptoms, persistent perceptions of current threat, affect dysregulation, negative self-concept, interpersonal difficulties and dissociative symptoms. We also look at risk and protective factors, strengths and resources. Our overall goal is to build a foundation of safety within the therapeutic relationship. We believe when people feel safe, they can open up and grow.